GCSE Physics Specification

OCR B J259

Section P4.4: How can we describe motion in terms of energy transfers?

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#P4.4.1

describe the energy transfers involved when a system is changed by work done by forces including:

a) to raise an object above ground level
b) to move an object along the line of action of the force

#P4.4.2

recall and apply the relationship to calculate the work done (energy transferred) by a force:

work done (Nm or J) = force (N) × distance (m) (along the line of action of the force)

#P4.4.3

recall the equation and calculate the amount of energy associated with a moving object:

kinetic energy (J) = 0.5 × mass (kg) × (speed (m/s))2

#P4.4.4

recall the equation and calculate the amount of energy associated with an object raised above ground level:

gravitational potential energy (J) = mass (kg) × gravitational field strength (N/kg) × height (m)

#P4.4.5

make calculations of the energy transfers associated with changes in a system, recalling relevant equations for mechanical processes

#P4.4.6

calculate relevant values of stored energy and energy transfers; convert between newton-metres and joules

#P4.4.7

describe all the changes involved in the way energy is stored when a system changes, for common situations: including an object projected upwards or up a slope, a moving object hitting an obstacle, an object being accelerated by a constant force, a vehicle slowing down

#P4.4.8

explain, with reference to examples, the definition of power as the rate at which energy is transferred (work done) in a system

#P4.4.9

recall and apply the relationship:

power (W) = energy transferred (J) ÷ time (s)