#C3.1a
use chemical symbols to write the formulae of elements and simple covalent and ionic compounds
#C3.1b
use the names and symbols of common elements and compounds and the principle of conservation of mass to write formulae and balanced chemical equations and half equations
#C3.1c
use the names and symbols of common elements from a supplied Periodic Table to write formulae and balanced chemical equations where appropriate
the first 20 elements, Groups 1, 7, and 0 and other common elements included within the specification
#C3.1d
use the formula of common ions to deduce the formula of a compound
#C3.1e
construct balanced ionic equations
#C3.1f
describe the physical states of products and reactants using state symbols (s, l, g and aq)
#C3.1g
recall and use the definitions of the Avogadro constant (in standard form) and of the mole
the calculation of the mass of one atom/molecule
both the classical (carbon-12 based) and revised (Avogadro constant based) definitions of the mole accepted
#C3.1h
explain how the mass of a given substance is related to the amount of that substance in moles and vice versa
#C3.1i
recall and use the law of conservation of mass
#C3.1j
explain any observed changes in mass in non-enclosed systems during a chemical reaction and explain them using the particle model
#C3.1k
deduce the stoichiometry of an equation from the masses of reactants and products and explain the effect of a limiting quantity of a reactant
#C3.1l
use a balanced equation to calculate masses of reactants or products