A-Level Chemistry Specification

AQA 7405

Section 2.6: Reactions of ions in aqueous solution

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#2.6.1

In aqueous solution, the following metal-aqua ions are formed:

[M(H2O)6]2+, limited to M = Fe and Cu

[M(H2O)6]3+, limited to M = Al and Fe

The acidity of [M(H2O)6]3+ is greater than that of [M(H2O)6]2+

Some metal hydroxides show amphoteric character by dissolving in both acids and bases (eg hydroxides of Al3+).

Students should be able to:
- explain, in terms of the charge/size ratio of the metal ion, why the acidity of [M(H2O)6]3+ is greater than that of [M(H2O)6]2+
- describe and explain the simple test-tube reactions of: M2+(aq) ions, limited to M = Fe and Cu, and of M3+(aq) ions, limited to M = Al and Fe, with the bases OH–, NH3 and CO32–

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#2.6P11

Required practical 11

Carry out simple test-tube reactions to identify transition metal ions in aqueous solution.

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