#C3.4.1
recall that crude oil is a main source of hydrocarbons and is a feedstock for the petrochemical industry
#C3.4.2
explain how modern life is crucially dependent upon hydrocarbons and recognise that crude oil is a finite resource
#C3.4.3
describe and explain the separation of crude oil by fractional distillation
PAG3
#C3.4.4
describe the fractions of crude oil as largely a mixture of compounds of formula CnH2n+2 which are members of the alkane homologous series
#C3.4.5
use ideas about energy transfers and the relative strength of chemical bonds and intermolecular forces to explain the different temperatures at which changes of state occur
#C3.4.6
deduce the empirical formula of a compound from the relative numbers of atoms present or from a model or diagram and vice versa
#C3.4.7
use arithmetic computation and ratio when determining empirical formulae
#C3.4.8
describe the arrangement of chemical bonds in simple molecules
#C3.4.9
explain covalent bonding in terms of the sharing of electrons
#C3.4.10
construct dot and cross diagrams for simple covalent substances
#C3.4.11
represent three dimensional shapes in two dimensions and vice versa when looking at chemical structures for simple molecules
#C3.4.12
describe the limitations of dot and cross diagrams, ball and stick models and two and three dimensional representations when used to represent simple molecules
#C3.4.13
translate information between diagrammatic and numerical forms
#C3.4.14
explain how the bulk properties of simple molecules are related to the covalent bonds they contain and their bond strengths in relation to intermolecular forces
#C3.4.15
describe the production of materials that are more useful by cracking
#C3.4.16
recognise functional groups and identify members of the same homologous series
#C3.4.17
name and draw the structural formulae, using fully displayed formulae, of the first four members of the straight chain alkanes and alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids
#C3.4.18
predict the formulae and structures of products of reactions (combustion, addition across a double bond and oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids) of the first four and other given members of these homologous series
#C3.4.19
recall that it is the generality of reactions of functional groups that determine the reactions of organic compounds