GCSE Physics Specification

OCR A J249

Section P8.2: Powering Earth

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#P8.2a

describe the main energy sources available for use on Earth, compare the ways in which they are used and distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources

fossil fuels, nuclear fuel, biofuel, wind, hydroelectricity, tides and the Sun

#P8.2b

explain patterns and trends in the use of energy resources

the changing use of different resources over time

#P8.2c

recall that, in the national grid, electrical power is transferred at high voltages from power stations, and then transferred at lower voltages in each locality for domestic use

#P8.2d

recall that step-up and step-down transformers are used to change the potential difference as power is transferred from power stations

#P8.2e

explain how the national grid is an efficient way to transfer energy

#P8.2f

link the potential differences and numbers of turns of a transformer to the power transfer involved; relate this to the advantages of power transmission at high voltages

#P8.2g

recall that the domestic supply in the UK is a.c. at 50 Hz and about 230 volts

#P8.2h

explain the difference between direct and alternating voltage

#P8.2i

recall the differences in function between the live, neutral and earth mains wires, and the potential differences between these wires

#P8.2j

explain that a live wire may be dangerous even when a switch in a mains circuit is open, and explain the dangers of providing any connection between the live wire and earth

the protection offered by insulation of devices