#4.2
describe energy transfers involving energy stores:
- energy stores: chemical, kinetic, gravitational, elastic, thermal, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear
- energy transfers: mechanically, electrically, by heating, by radiation (light and sound)
#4.3
use the principle of conservation of energy
#4.4
know and use the relationship between efficiency, useful energy output and total energy output:
\(\text{efficiency} = \dfrac{\text{useful energy output}}{\text{total energy input}} × 100 \)
#4.5
describe a variety of everyday and scientific devices and situations, explaining the transfer of the input energy in terms of the above relationship, including their representation by Sankey diagrams
#4.6
describe how thermal energy transfer may take place by conduction, convection and radiation
#4.7
explain the role of convection in everyday phenomena
#4.8
explain how emission and absorption of radiation are related to surface and temperature
#4.9
practical: investigate thermal energy transfer by conduction, convection and radiation
#4.10
explain ways of reducing unwanted energy transfer, such as insulation