IGCSE Biology Specification

Edexcel 4BI1

Section 2: (i) Excretion

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#2.70

understand the origin of carbon dioxide and oxygen as waste products of metabolism and their loss from the stomata of a leaf

#2.71

know the excretory products of the lungs, kidneys and skin (organs of excretion)

#2.72B

understand how the kidney carries out its roles of excretion and osmoregulation

#2.73B

describe the structure of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra

#2.74B

describe the structure of a nephron, including the Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus, convoluted tubules, loop of Henle and collecting duct

#2.75B

describe ultrafiltration in the Bowman’s capsule and the composition of the glomerular filtrate

#2.76B

understand how water is reabsorbed into the blood from the collecting duct

#2.77B

understand why selective reabsorption of glucose occurs at the proximal convoluted tubule

#2.78B

describe the role of ADH in regulating the water content of the blood

#2.79B

understand that urine contains water, urea and ions