#2.40B
understand the role of diffusion in gas exchange in flowering plants
#2.41B
understand gas exchange (of carbon dioxide and oxygen) in relation to respiration and photosynthesis
#2.42B
understand how the structure of the leaf is adapted for gas exchange
#2.43B
describe the role of stomata in gas exchange
#2.44B
understand how respiration continues during the day and night, but that the net exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen depends on the intensity of light
#2.45B
practical: investigate the effect of light on net gas exchange from a leaf, using hydrogen-carbonate indicator
#2.46
describe the structure of the thorax, including the ribs, intercostal muscles, diaphragm, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and pleural membranes in humans
#2.47
understand the role of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm in ventilation in humans
#2.48
explain how alveoli are adapted for gas exchange by diffusion between air in the lungs and blood in capillaries in humans
#2.49
understand the biological consequences of smoking in relation to the lungs and the circulatory system, including coronary heart disease in humans
#2.50
practical: investigate breathing in humans, including the release of carbon dioxide and the effect of exercise