IGCSE Maths Specification

Edexcel A 4MA1

Section 6.3: Probability

Are you studying this syllabus?

You can track your progress by adding it to your account.

Add syllabus

#6.3A

understand the language of probability

Outcomes, equal likelihood, events, random

#6.3B

understand and use the probability scale

\(P(\text{certainty}) = 1\)

\(P(\text{impossibility}) = 0\)

#6.3C

understand and use estimates or measures of probability from theoretical models

#6.3D

find probabilities from a Venn diagram

#6.3E

understand the concepts of a sample space and an event, and how the probability of an event happening can be determined from the sample space

For the tossing of two coins, the sample space can be listed as:

Heads \((H)\), Tails \((T)\): \((H,H), (H,T), (T,H), (T,T)\)

#6.3F

list all the outcomes for single events and for two successive events in a systematic way

#6.3G

estimate probabilities from previously collected data

#6.3H

calculate the probability of the complement of an event happening

\(P(A')= 1 - P(A)\)

#6.3I

use the addition rule of probability for mutually exclusive events

\(P(\text{Either A or B occurring}) = P(A) + P(B)\)
when \(A\) and \(B\) are mutually exclusive

#6.3J

understand and use the term ‘expected frequency’

Determine an estimate of the number of times an event with a probability of 0.4 will happen over 300 tries

#6.3K

draw and use tree diagrams

#6.3L

determine the probability that two or more independent events will occur

#6.3M

use simple conditional probability when combining events

Picking two balls out of a bag, one after the other, without replacement

#6.3N

apply probability to simple problems