A-Level Biology Specification

AQA 7402

Section 7.2: Populations

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#7.2.1

Species exist as one or more populations.

#7.2.2

A population as a group of organisms of the same species occupying a particular space at a particular time that can potentially interbreed.

#7.2.3

The concepts of gene pool and allele frequency.

#7.2.4

The Hardy–Weinberg principle provides a mathematical model, which predicts that allele frequencies will not change from generation to generation. The conditions under which the principle applies.

#7.2.5

The frequency of alleles, genotypes and phenotypes in a population can be calculated using the Hardy–Weinberg equation:

\(p^2+2pq + q^2=1\)

where \(p\) is the frequency of one (usually the dominant) allele and \(q\) is the frequency of the other (usually recessive) allele of the gene.