#12.2
Be able to use samples to make informal inferences about a population, recognising that different samples might lead to different conclusions.
e.g. using sample mean or variance as an estimate of population mean or variance.
#12.3
Understand and be able to use the concept of random sampling.
Simple random sampling. Every sample of the required size has the same probability of being selected.
#12.4
Understand and be able to use a variety of sampling techniques.
Opportunity sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, quota sampling, cluster sampling, self-selected samples.
Any other techniques will be explained in the question.
#12.5
Be able to select or evaluate sampling techniques in the context of solving a statistical problem.
Includes recognising possible sources of bias and being aware of the practicalities of implementation.