#5.2.1a(i)
energy transfer producing a change in temperature and the concept of specific thermal capacity c
#5.2.1a(ii)
the behaviour of ideal gases
#5.2.1a(iii)
impulse \(FΔt = Δp \)
#5.2.1a(iv)
the kinetic theory of ideal gases
assumptions are that the particles (atoms or molecules) occupy negligible volume, that all collisions are perfectly elastic, and that there are negligible forces between particles except during collision
#5.2.1a(v)
temperature as proportional to average energy per particle;
average energy = \(\dfrac{3}{2} kT≈ kT\) as a useful approximation
#5.2.1a(vi)
random walk of molecules in a gas: displacement in N steps related to \(\sqrt{N}\)
#5.2.1b
Make appropriate use of:
(i) the terms: ideal gas, root mean square speed, absolute temperature, internal energy, Avogadro constant, Boltzmann constant, gas constant, mole
by sketching and interpreting:
(ii) relationships between p, V, N and T for an ideal gas
(iii) force–time graph for an interaction with area under line representing the impulse.
#5.2.1c(i)
temperature and energy change using
\(ΔE = mvΔθ \)
PAG11
#5.2.1c(ii)
\(pV = NkT\) where \(N = nN_A\) and \(Nk = nR\)
number of moles n and Avogadro constant NA
#5.2.1c(iii)
\(pV = \dfrac{1}{3} Nm\bar{c}^2 \)
PAG8
#5.2.1d(i)
using an electrical method to find the specific thermal capacity of a metal block or liquid
links to 5.2.1a(i), c(i), PAG11
#5.2.1d(ii)
using appropriate apparatus to investigate the gas laws including determining absolute zero
links to 5.2.1a(ii), PAG8
#5.2.1d(iii)
using apparatus to investigate the relationship of volume with pressure, measured either by pressure gauge or differential pressure monitor and data logger.
links to 5.2.1b(ii), PAG8