#4.2a(i)
the use of vectors to represent displacement, velocity and acceleration
#4.2a(ii)
the trajectory of a body moving under constant acceleration, in one or two dimensions
#4.2a(iii)
the independent effect of perpendicular components of a force
#4.2a(iv)
calculation of work done, including cases where the force is not parallel to the displacement
#4.2a(v)
the principle of conservation of energy
#4.2a(vi)
power as rate of transfer of energy
#4.2a(vii)
measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration
#4.2a(viii)
Newton's laws of motion
#4.2a(ix)
The principle of conservation of momentum; Newton's Third Law as a consequence.
#4.2b
Make appropriate use of:
(i) the terms: displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, force, mass, vector, scalar, work, energy, power, momentum, impulse
by sketching and interpreting:
(ii) graphs of accelerated motion; slope of displacement–time and velocity–time graphs; area underneath the line of a velocity–time graph
(iii) graphical representation of addition of vectors and changes in vector magnitude and direction.
#4.2c(i)
the resolution of a vector into two components at right angles to each other
#4.2c(ii)
the addition of two vectors, graphically and algebraically
algebraic calculations restricted to two perpendicular vectors
#4.2c(iii)
the kinematic equations for constant acceleration derivable from:
\(a = \dfrac{v-u}{t} \) and average velocity = \(\dfrac{v+u}{2} \):
\(v = u + at \)
\( s= ut + \dfrac{1}{2}at^2 \)
\(v^2 = u^2 + 2as \)
#4.2c(iv)
momentum \(p = mv \)
#4.2c(v)
the equation \(F = ma = \dfrac{Δ(mv)}{Δt} \) where the mass is constant
Learners will also be expected to recall the equation \(F = ma \)
#4.2c(vi)
the principle of conservation of momentum
one-dimensional problems only
#4.2c(vii)
work done \(ΔE = FΔs \)
If displacement is at an angle θ to the force \(ΔE = FΔ\cos{θ} \)
#4.2c(viii)
kinetic energy = \(\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2 \)
Learners will also be expected to recall this equation
#4.2c(ix)
gravitational potential energy = \(mgh \)
Learners will also be expected to recall this equation
#4.2c(x)
force, energy and power:
power = \(\dfrac{ΔE}{t} = Fv\)
#4.2c(xi)
modelling changes of displacement and velocity in small discrete time steps, using a computational model or graphical representation of displacement and velocity vectors.
calculations restricted to zero or constant resultant force
#4.2d(i)
investigating the motion and collisions of objects using trolleys, air-track gliders etc. with data obtained from ticker timers, light gates, data-loggers and video techniques
links to 4.2a(vii), b(ii), c, PAG1
#4.2d(ii)
determining the acceleration of free fall, using trapdoor and electromagnet arrangement, lightgates or video technique
links to 4.2a(vii), b(ii), c, PAG1
#4.2d(iii)
investigating terminal velocity with experiments such as dropping a ball-bearing in a viscous liquid or dropping paper cones in air.
links to 4.2a(vii), b(ii), c, PAG1