understand the origin of carbon dioxide and oxygen as waste products of metabolism and their loss from the stomata of a leaf
understand the origin of carbon dioxide and oxygen as waste products of metabolism and their loss from the stomata of a leaf
know the excretory products of the lungs, kidneys and skin (organs of excretion)
**understand how the kidney carries out its roles of excretion and osmoregulation **
describe the structure of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra
describe the structure of a nephron, including the Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus, convoluted tubules, loop of Henle and collecting duct
describe ultrafiltration in the Bowman’s capsule and the composition of the glomerular filtrate
understand how water is reabsorbed into the blood from the collecting duct
understand why selective reabsorption of glucose occurs at the proximal convoluted tubule
describe the role of ADH in regulating the water content of the blood
understand that urine contains water, urea and ions