recognise functional groups and identify members of the same homologous series
homologous series, of alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids
recognise functional groups and identify members of the same homologous series
homologous series, of alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids
name and draw the structural formulae, using fully displayed formulae, of the first four members of the straight chain alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids
predict the formulae and structures of products of reactions of the first four and other given members of the homologous series of alkanes, alkenes and alcohols
combustion; addition of bromine and hydrogen across a double bond; oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids using potassium manganate(VII)
recall the basic principles of addition polymerisation by reference to the functional group in the monomer and the repeating units in the polymer
**explain the basic principles of condensation polymerisation
reference to the functional groups of the monomers, the minimum number of functional groups within a monomer, the number of repeating units in the polymer, and simultaneous formation of a small molecule, e.g. a polyester or polyamide, using block diagrams to represent polymers**
describe practical techniques to make a polymer by condensation
deduce the structure of an addition polymer from a simple alkene monomer and vice versa
the following representation of a polymer repeat unitn
recall that DNA is a polymer made from four different monomers called nucleotides and that other important naturally-occurring polymers are based on sugars and amino-acids
the names of the nucleotides
recall that it is the generality of reactions of functional groups that determine the reactions of organic compounds
describe the separation of crude oil by fractional distillation
the names of the fractions
explain the separation of crude oil by fractional distillation
molecular size and intermolecular forces
describe the fractions as largely a mixture of compounds of formula CnH2n+2 which are members of the alkane homologous series
recall that crude oil is a main source of hydrocarbons and is a feedstock for the petrochemical industry
explain how modern life is crucially dependent upon hydrocarbons and recognise that crude oil is a finite resource
describe the production of materials that are more useful by cracking
conditions and reasons for cracking and some of the useful materials produced
recall that a chemical cell produces a potential difference until the reactants are used up
evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen/oxygen and other fuel cells for given uses
the chemistry of the hydrogen/oxygen fuel cell