explain how substances are transported into and out of cells through diffusion, osmosis and active transport
examples of substances moved, direction of movement, concentration gradients and use of the term water potential (no mathematical use of water potential required)
describe the process of mitosis in growth, including the cell cycle
the stages of the cell cycle as DNA replication, movement of chromosomes, followed by the growth of the cell
explain the importance of cell differentiation
the production of specialised cells allowing organisms to become more efficient and examples of specialised cells
recall that stem cells are present in embryonic and adult animals and meristems in plants
describe the functions of stem cells
division to produce a range of different cell types for development, growth and repair
describe the difference between embryonic and adult stem cells in animals