describe how light microscopes and staining can be used to view cells
lenses, stage, lamp, use of slides and cover slips, and the use of stains to view colourless specimens or to highlight different structures/tissues and calculation of magnification
explain how the main sub-cellular structures of eukaryotic cells (plants and animals) and prokaryotic cells are related to their functions
nucleus, genetic material, chromosomes, plasmids, mitochondria (contain enzymes for cellular respiration), chloroplasts (contain chlorophyll) and cell membranes (contain receptor molecules, provides a selective barrier to molecules)
explain how electron microscopy has increased our understanding of sub-cellular structures
increased resolution in a transmission electron microscope