understand the differences between sexual and asexual reproduction
understand the differences between sexual and asexual reproduction
understand the roles of FSH and LH in the menstrual cycle
describe the role of the placenta in the nutrition of the developing embryo
understand how the developing embryo is protected by amniotic fluid
understand the roles of oestrogen and testosterone in the development of secondary sexual characteristics
understand that fertilisation involves the fusion of a male and female gamete to produce a zygote that undergoes cell division and develops into an embryo
describe the structures of an insect-pollinated and a wind-pollinated flower and explain how each is adapted for pollination
understand that the growth of the pollen tube followed by fertilisation leads to seed and fruit formation
practical: investigate the conditions needed for seed germination
understand how germinating seeds utilise food reserves until the seedling can carry out photosynthesis
understand that plants can reproduce asexually by natural methods (illustrated by runners) and by artificial methods (illustrated by cuttings)
understand how the structure of the male and female reproductive systems are adapted for their functions in humans
understand the roles of oestrogen and progesterone in the menstrual cycle