understand the role of diffusion in gas exchange in flowering plants
understand the role of diffusion in gas exchange in flowering plants
understand gas exchange (of carbon dioxide and oxygen) in relation to respiration and photosynthesis
understand how the structure of the leaf is adapted for gas exchange
describe the role of stomata in gas exchange
understand how respiration continues during the day and night, but that the net exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen depends on the intensity of light
practical: investigate the effect of light on net gas exchange from a leaf, using hydrogen-carbonate indicator
describe the structure of the thorax, including the ribs, intercostal muscles, diaphragm, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and pleural membranes in humans
understand the role of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm in ventilation in humans
explain how alveoli are adapted for gas exchange by diffusion between air in the lungs and blood in capillaries in humans
understand the biological consequences of smoking in relation to the lungs and the circulatory system, including coronary heart disease in humans
practical: investigate breathing in humans, including the release of carbon dioxide and the effect of exercise