be able to use data from mass spectra to:
i) suggest possible structures of a simple organic compound given relative molecular masses, accurate to four decimal places ii) calculate the accurate relative molecular mass of a compound, given relative atomic masses to four decimal places, and therefore identify a compound
understand that 13C NMR spectroscopy provides information about the positions of 13C atoms in a molecule
be able to use data from 13C NMR spectroscopy to:
i) predict the different environments for carbon atoms present in a molecule, given values of chemical shift, δ ii) justify the number of peaks present in a 13C NMR spectrum because of carbon atoms in different environments
understand that high resolution proton NMR provides information about the positions of 1H atoms in a molecule
be able to use data from high resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy to:
i) predict the different types of proton present in a molecule, given values of chemical shift, δ ii) relate relative peak areas, or ratio numbers of protons, to the relative numbers of 1H atoms in different environments iii) deduce the splitting patterns of adjacent, non-equivalent protons using the (n+1) rule and hence suggest the possible structures for a molecule iv) predict the chemical shifts and splitting patterns of the 1H atoms in a given molecule
know that chromatography separates components of a mixture between a mobile phase and a stationary phase
be able to calculate Rf values from one-way chromatograms
know that high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC, and gas chromatography, GC:
i) are types of column chromatography ii) separate substances because of different retention times in the column iii) may be used in conjunction with mass spectrometry, in applications such asforensics or drugs testing in sport