Here is a summary of the AQA AS and A-level Biology Specification (Version 1.5, 2021)

Overview

• Qualification: AS and A-level Biology (AQA 7401/7402)
• First teaching: From September 2015
• First exams: June 2016 onwards
• Linear assessment: All exams at the end of the course.

Subject Content

The content is divided into 8 core topics, with Topics 1–4 covering both AS and A-level, and Topics 5–8 for A-level only.

AS & A-level (Topics 1–4)

1. Biological Molecules
   • Monomers, polymers, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids (DNA/RNA), ATP, water, inorganic ions.
2. Cells
   • Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structure, viruses, microscopy, cell division (mitosis), transport across membranes, immunity.
3. Organisms Exchange Substances
   • Surface area to volume ratio, gas exchange, digestion and absorption, mass transport (circulatory and transport systems).
4. Genetic Information, Variation & Relationships
   • DNA, genes, protein synthesis, mutations, meiosis, genetic diversity, natural selection, biodiversity, classification.

A-level Only (Topics 5–8)

5. Energy Transfers
   • Photosynthesis, respiration, energy and ecosystems, nutrient cycles.
6. Organisms Respond to Changes
   • Stimuli and responses, nervous coordination, muscles, homeostasis (blood glucose, water potential).
7. Genetics, Populations, Evolution & Ecosystems
   • Inheritance, populations, evolution, speciation, ecosystems.
8. Control of Gene Expression
   • Mutations, stem cells, transcription regulation, cancer, genome projects, recombinant DNA, genetic fingerprinting.

Assessment Structure

AS Level

• Paper 1: Topics 1–4, 1h 30m, 75 marks (50%)
• Paper 2: Topics 1–4, 1h 30m, 75 marks (50%)

A-level

• Paper 1: Topics 1–4, 2h, 91 marks (35%)
• Paper 2: Topics 5–8, 2h, 91 marks (35%)
• Paper 3: Topics 1–8, 2h, 78 marks (30%)
  Includes essay and data analysis.

Practical Assessment

• AS: 6 required practicals, assessed in written papers (15% of marks).
• A-level: 12 required practicals, assessed through:
  • Written exams (15% of marks)
  • Practical Endorsement (CPAC): Teacher-assessed pass/fail based on competency in lab skills.

Mathematical & Practical Skills

• ≥10% of marks require mathematical skills (GCSE Higher Tier level).
• ≥15% of marks assess practical knowledge and skills.
• Skills are integrated throughout the course and assessed in exams.

Key Features

• Co-teachable: AS content is embedded in A-level.
• Context-free: Teachers can choose real-world applications.
• Emphasis on practical work: Develops experimental and investigative skills.
• Supports progression: Aligns with GCSE and higher education.

Additional Information

• Includes guidance on apparatus, techniques, and fieldwork.
• Provides support resources, training, and ERA (Enhanced Results Analysis).
• Access arrangements available for diverse learners.