ratios of numbers of particles in quantum states of different energy, at different temperatures (classical approximation only)
ratios of numbers of particles in quantum states of different energy, at different temperatures (classical approximation only)
qualitative effects of temperature in processes with an activation energy (for example, changes of state, thermionic emission, ionisation, conduction in semiconductors, viscous flow).
Make appropriate use of, by sketching and interpreting:
(i) graphs showing the variation of the Boltzmann factor with energy and temperature.
ratios of characteristic energies to the energy
Boltzmann factor
links to 5.2.2a(i) and (ii)