When metal atoms lose electrons, they form positive ions called cations.
When non-metal atoms gain electrons, they form negative ions called anions.
Predict the charge of an ion from the electron configuration of the atom.
The formation of ions with different charges from a transition element should be included.
The ionic bond is formed by electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions.
Deduce the formula and name of an ionic compound from its component ions, including polyatomic ions.
Binary ionic compounds are named with the cation first, followed by the anion. The anion adopts the suffix "ide".
Interconvert names and formulas of binary ionic compounds.
The following polyatomic ions should be known by name and formula: ammonium (NH ), hydroxide (OH), nitrate (NO ), hydrogencarbonate (HCO ), carbonate (CO ), sulfate (SO ), phosphate (PO ).
Ionic compounds exist as three-dimensional lattice structures, represented by empirical formulas.
Explain the physical properties of ionic compounds to include volatility, electrical conductivity and solubility.
Include lattice enthalpy as a measure of the strength of the ionic bond in different compounds, influenced by ion radius and charge.