GCSE Chemistry Edexcel 1CH0

9: (c) Polymers

#9.17C

Recall that a polymer is a substance of high average relative molecular mass made up of small repeating units

#9.18C

Describe:

a) how ethene molecules can combine together in a polymerisation reaction b) that the addition polymer formed is called poly(ethene)

(conditions and mechanisms not required)

#9.19C

Describe how other addition polymers can be made by combining together other monomer molecules containing C=C, to include poly(propene), poly(chloroethene) (PVC) and poly(tetrafluoroethene) (PTFE)

(conditions and mechanisms not required)

#9.20C

Deduce the structure of a monomer from the structure of an addition polymer and vice versa

#9.21C

Explain how the uses of polymers are related to their properties and vice versa: including poly(ethene), poly(propene), poly(chloroethene) (PVC) and poly(tetrafluoroethene) (PTFE)

#9.22C

**Explain:

a) why polyesters are condensation polymers b) how a polyester is formed when a monomer molecule containing two carboxylic acid groups is reacted with a monomer molecule containing two alcohol groups c) how a molecule of water is formed each time an ester link is formed**

#9.23C

Describe some problems associated with polymers including the:

a) availability of starting materials b) persistence in landfill sites, due to non-biodegradability c) gases produced during disposal by combustion d) requirement to sort polymers so that they can be melted and reformed into a new product

#9.24C

Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of recycling polymers, including economic implications, availability of starting materials and environmental impact

#9.25C

Recall that:

a) DNA is a polymer made from four different monomers called nucleotides (names of nucleotides not required) b) starch is a polymer based on sugars c) proteins are polymers based on amino acids

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(b) Hydrocarbons
9
(d) Alcohols and carboxylic acids